Here are my notes on this topic:
1. Overview
- cognition
- mental action
- mental structures
- working memory
- judgment
- evaluation
- thinking
- reasoning
- computation
- meaning extraction
- decision making
- comprehension
- concepts
- images
- prototypes
- simplify our thinking
- Aristotle’s laws of association
- similarity
- opposites
- contiguity
- mental set
- functional fixedness
- Maslow’s hammer
- fox & cat fable
- deciding takes
- time
- energy
- depletion
- decision fatigue
- Iyengar & Lepper
2. Cognitive theories
- Gestalt
- precognitive theory
- integrated whole
- shape or form
- figure
- ground
- phi phenomenon
- Max Wertheimer
- golden ratios
- Information processing
- first major cognitive theory
- mind like computer
- input
- processing
- storage
- output
- feedback
- Constructivism
- global focus
- meaningful learning
- Piaget
- Vygotsky
- Bruner (scaffolding)
- discovery learning
- learning is an active process
- spiral curriculum
- Contextual theories
- extension of constructivism
- emphasizes problem solving
- student-focused
- active learning
- multiple contexts
- field trips
- internships
- study abroad
- assumes students have self-regulation
3. Tolman
- Intervening variables
- behavior is goal directed
- latent learning
- learning vs performance
- cognitive maps
4. Cognitive Maps
- mental representations
- summarize spatial information
- hind your way home
- your map is unique to you
- lowers cognitive load
- mind maps
- infographics
- structural overviews
- information in relational terms
- vector maps (bearing maps)
- sketch maps (landmarks)
- little evidence animals have cognitive maps
- familiarity of landmarks
- path integration (Darwin)
- continuous integration of movement cues
- maybe bearing maps
5. Cognitive Bias
- systematic errors
- bad heuristics
- rules to prevent info overload
- sort out what’s important
- fast
- bias
- general bias
- framing effect
- neglect of probability (ignore small risks)
- Monte Carlo (Gambler’s fallacy)
- believe random events happen more often
- use long-run rules on short-run events
- social bias
- fundamental attribution error
- halo effect
- women are wonderful
- effort bias
- Ikea (what you build is worth more)
- Google (don’t remember what can look up)
- status quo
- default setting
- self bias
- attentional
- Barnum
- belief
- confirmation
- current moment
- spotlight
- econ bias
- rational choice theory
- Daniel Kahneman
- anchoring
- loss aversion effect
- post-purchase rationalization
