Multiple Choice
- 1. Which of the following is defined as the middle-most score:
- a. mean
- b. median
- c. mode
- d. standard deviation
- e. frequency distribution
- 2. Which of the following is defined as the-most common (popular) score:
- a. mean
- b. median
- c. mode
- d. standard deviation
- e. frequency distribution
- 3. When a curve is skewed, which of the following is the middle-most score:
- a. mean
- b. median
- c. mode
- d. standard deviation
- e. frequency distribution
- 4. Which of the following is most affected by outlying scores:
- a. mean
- b. median
- c. mode
- d. B and C
- e. A, B and C are equally affected
- 5. The more variability in a distribution, the larger its:
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. standard deviation
e. all of the above
6. Sums of squares is a measure of:
a. dispersion
b. central tendency
c. covariance
d. interpolation
e. extrapolation
7. From one standard deviation above and below the mean accounts for what percent of the scores:
a. 17%
b. 25%
c. 34%
d. 68%
e. 95%
8. Which of the following is the square root of variance:
a. mean
b. median
c. mode
d. mean variance
e. standard deviation
9. To calculate the variance of a population, Sums of Squares is divided by:
a. N
b. N-1
c. N-2
d. N-3
e. mean
10. When looking for a homogeneous group of people, we should choose the one with:
a. the largest mean
b. the smallest mean
c. the largest standard deviation
d. the smallest standard deviation
e. the mode in the middle
11. A score of 50 on a test with a mean of 55 would be considered quite unusual if the standard deviation was:
a. 1
b. 5
c. 10
d. 20
e. none of the
12. A test which only orders traits in magnitude is best described as:
- cardinal
- interval
- nominal
- ratio
- ordinal
13. An item which asks people to rate something from 1 to 5 (5 being high) is on what level of measurement:
- cardinal
- interval
- nominal
- ratio
- ordinal
14. The more samples taken, the more normal the curve looks, according to the:
critical-limit hypothesis
null-limit hypothesis
maximum-limit theorem
unbiased-limit theorem
central-limit theorem
15. A cumulative frequency divided by N (times 100) equals:
proportion
percent
percentile
preponderance
posthumous
16. Which of the following is an example of a grouped frequency distribution:
data matrix
correlation
regression
histogram
t-test
17. The number of obstacles a horse jumps over would be a(n) ___________ measurement.
cardinal
interval
nominal
ratio
18. A z-score of +2 on a test with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 10 would equal a score of:
80
95
100
102
120
19. Which of the following is calculated by subtracting the mean from the score and dividing by the standard deviation:
intelligence quotient
z-score
t score
stanine
percentile
20.What percentage of scores are between a z-score of -1.3 and a z of +1.65:
52%
64%
68%
72%
86%
21. A z-score of -1 on a test with a mean of 90 and a standard deviation of 10 would equal a score of:
80
95
100
102
120
5
Which of the following correlation coefficients shows the greatest amount of relationship:
.23
.45
.56
.71
-.89
The angle of a regression line is called:
intercept
intersect
slope
shift
the point where X and Y meet
Scores which are projected beyond their samples are said to be:
interpolated
extrapolated
innovated
interpreted
insubstantiated
Scores which predict between samples are said to be:
interpolated
extrapolated
innovated
interpreted
insubstantiated
Covariance divided by the product of the standard deviations of X and Y equals:
correlation
intercept
slope
criterion
linkage
The standard error of estimate is best understood as:
Sums of Squares
variance
standard deviation
mean
median
As a director of marketing, you are interested in how well your sales did over the year. In particular, you are curious whether last year’s revenue is a good predictor of this year’s. Since you are interested in how well one test acts as a linear predictor of another, which of the following tests should you perform:
t-test
ANOVA
correlation
regression
multiple regression
6
Which of the following do we select, manipulate, impose or induce:
independent variable
dependent variable
moderator variable
suppressor variable
intervening variable
Which of the following do we measure, observe or record:
independent variable
dependent variable
moderator variable
suppressor variable
intervening variable
A factor whose levels are described as “high” and “low” is:
valid
reliable
discrete
logarithmic
continuous
Which of the following is a graphic description of scores:
sample
percent
percentile
population analysis
frequency distribution
A selected part of a larger group is called a:
sample
percent
percentile
population analysis
frequency distribution
7
A null hypothesis says that two means are:
significantly different
slight different
not significantly different
maybe different
you have hit the null on the head
A t-test compares:
two medians
two modes
two means
two variables
two standard deviations
Rejecting the null when you should have accepted it is a:
Type I error
Type II error
Type III error
Typo error
Not My Type error
When the null hypothesis is true, the expected value for an independent measures t statistic is:
0
+1.0
-1.0
+1 or -1
none of the above
If the probability of being hit by lightning is .3 (it’s a very stormy night), and the probability of eating chocolate ice cream is .5, what is the probability of eating ice cream AND being hit by lightning?
.3
.5
.8
.15
.25
In the simplest case, the probability of either A or B occurring is calculated by:
adding the probabilities
subtracting the probabilities
multiplying the probabilities
dividing the probabilities
both A and C
If the alpha level is set at .05, the probability of making a Type I error is:
.01
.02
.05
.10
.20
The probability of passing this test item is:
o
p
q
r
extremely unlikely
A nondirectional test of significance is said to be:
no-tailed
one-tailed
two-tailed
three-tailed
four-tailed
An independent measures experiment uses two samples with n = 8 in each group to compare two experimental treatments. The t statistic from this experiment will have degrees of freedom equal to:
7
8
14
15
16
The advantage of a repeated measures design is that it reduces the contribution of error variability due to:
mean of D
degrees of freedom
the effect of the treatment
individual differences
none of the above
9
consistent measurement is:
reliable
discrete
continuous
valid
logarithmic
An independent t-test assumes that:
subjects are randomly assigned
subjects are from different populations
two independent variables are equal
the null hypothesis is true
none of the above
A correlation assumes that:
subjects are randomly assigned
subjects are from different populations
two independent variables are equal
sample size is small
none of the above
In a
How many dependent variables are used in a t-test:
4
3
2
1
10
Which of the following has multiple predictors and a single outcome measure (criterion)
a.
b. independent t-test
c. multiple regression
d. regression
e. correlation
2. Which of the following shows the interaction of 2 independent variables:
a. regression
b. one-way ANOVA
c. t-test
d. factorial ANOVA
e. all of the above
3. In a 2x3x4 factorial design, how many independent variables are there:
a. 1
b. 3
c. 6
d. 9
e. 24
4. How many dependent variables are in a 3×3 factorial ANOVA design:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 6
e. 9
7. In a factorial ANOVA, degrees of freedom for SStotal equals:
a. N
b. N minus 1
c. k
d. k minus 1
e. N minus k
8. Which of the following has multiple predictors and multiple criteria:
a. multivariate analysis
b. independent t-test
c. multiple regression
d. regression
e. correlation
a.
Calculations
Simulations
As a clinic director you are interested in whether the age of the client can be used to predict the number of counseling sessions clients attend.
Age Sessions
22 13
6 5
14 9
18 6
33 2
What is the SS for Age: ________
What is the population variance of Age:_______
What is the range of Sessions: _______
What is the SS for Sessions: ________
What is the SSxy: ________
Since you are interested in using one variable as a linear predictor of another, which of the following tests should you perform:
- multiple regression
- regression
- correlation
- t-test
- ANOVA
Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones):
a =
b =
r =
t =
F =
If client age was 6, what do you predict Revenue to be?
- As a clinic director, you randomly assign patients to individual or group therapy. The numbers in the columns below are the number of sessions needed to “cure” the patients.
Group Individual
10 7
5 4
10 7
9 1
14 7
7 6
2 3
What is the median for Group: __________
What is the mean for Group: __________
What is the mode for Individual: __________
List the independent variable(s) in this study:
List the dependent variable(s) in this study:
Since you are interested in how different these independent groups perform, which of the following tests should you perform:
- multiple regression
- regression
- correlation
- t-test
- ANOVA
Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones):
a =
b =
r =
t =
F =
What is the appropriate critical value at .05 (2 tailed)?
Was there a significant difference between the 2 groups?
Which method should be used in the future?
III. As a clinic director, you wonder if you if your clinic’s personality test is reliable. Here are the scores on test-retest.
Test Re-test
11 14
6 7
8 10
5 6
2 1
2 9
2 2
What is the sum of Test: _______
What is the SS of Test: _______
What is the sum of Re-Test: _______
What is the SS of Re-Test: _______
What is the SSxy: _______
Since you are interested in communality, which of the following tests should you perform:
- multiple regression
- regression
- correlation
- t-test
- ANOVA
Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones):
a =
b =
r =
t =
F =
What is the critical value for this statistic?
Is there a significant relationship between these variables at the .05 alpha level?
Calculate the coefficient of determination: ________
- As a clinic director, you randomly assign new patients to 4 therapists and measure the amount of revenue each generates.
Ralph Wanda Sigmund Alfred
17 10 5 6
10 13 4 1
6 2 7 5
9 6 7 4
8 4 7 4
What is(are) the independent variable(s):
What is(are) the dependent variable(s):
Based on above data, complete the following summary table:
SS df ms
Between ____ ____ ____
Within ____ ____ ____
TOTAL ____
What is the F for this test: ___________
What is the critical value for this statistic: _______
Is F significant at .05 alpha: ________
Which of the following should be conducted next:
- t-tests
- correlations
- regressions
- ANOVAs
- none of the above
- You own a construction company and want to know the data fits your model. In particular, you want to know if self-confidence has a significant impact on job satisfaction.
What is the predictor in this study:
What is the criterion in this study:
Since you are interested in testing goodness of fit, which of the following tests should you perform:
- t-test
- correlation
- MANOVA
- multiple regression
- analysis of regression
Use the following data to complete the summary table:
r = .44
SSx = 22
SSy = 17
N = 15
SS df ms
Between ____ ____ ____
Within ____ ____ ____
TOTAL ____
What is the F for this test: ___________
What is the critical value for F: ___________
Is F significant at .05 alpha: ___________
What is your conclusion:
*****
As a clinic director you are interested in whether the age of the client can be used to predict the number of counseling sessions clients attend.
Age Sessions 22 13 6 5 14 9 18 6 33 2 What is the SS for Age: 399.20 What is the population variance of Age:79.84 What is the range of Sessions: 11 What is the SS for Sessions: 70 What is the SSxy: – 35 Since you are interested in using one variable as a linear predictor of another, which of the following tests should you perform: b. regression Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones): a = 8.63 b = – .09 If client age was 6, what do you predict Revenue to be? 8.10
- As a clinic director, you randomly assign patients to individual or group therapy. The numbers in the columns below are the number of sessions needed to “cure” the patients.
Group Individual 10 7 5 4 10 7 9 1 14 7 7 6 2 3 What is the median for Group: 9 What is the mean for Group: 8.14
The mean for Individual was 5.00 What is the mode for Individual: 7 List the independent variable(s) in this study: Therapy List the dependent variable(s) in this study: # sessions Since you are interested in how different these independent groups perform, which of the following tests should you perform: d. t-test Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones): t = 1.82 What is the appropriate critical value at .05 (2 tailed)? 2.18 at 10 degrees of freedom Was there a significant difference between the 2 groups? No Which method should be used in the future? Either; the differences between them are likely to be due to chance.
III. As a clinic director, you wonder if you if your clinic’s personality test is reliable. Here are the scores on test-retest.
Test Re-test 11 14 6 7 8 10 5 6 2 1 2 9 2 2 What is the sum of Test: 36 What is the SS of Test: 72.86 What is the sum of Re-Test: 49 What is the SS of Re-Test: 124 What is the SSxy: 78 Since you are interested in communality, which of the following tests should you perform:c. correlation Perform the comparison you selected in the item above. What was the result of your calculation (select only the appropriate ones): r = .82 What is the critical value for this statistic? .755 at 5 degrees of freedom Is there a significant relationship between these variables at the .05 alpha level? Yes Calculate the coefficient of determination: .67
- As a clinic director, you randomly assign new patients to 4 therapists and measure the amount of revenue each generates.
Ralph Wanda Sigmund Alfred 17 10 5 6 10 13 4 1 6 2 7 5 9 6 7 4 8 4 7 4
TOTALS
SumX 50 35 30 20 135 XSqr 570 325 188 94 1177 n 5 5 5 5 20 SS 70 80 8 14 172 What is(are) the independent variable(s): Therapists What is(are) the dependent variable(s): $ of revenue Based on above data, complete the following summary table: SS df ms Between 93.75 3 31.25 Within 172 16 10.75 TOTAL 265.75 19 What is the F for this test: 2.91 What is the critical value for this statistic: 3.24 Is F significant at .05 alpha: No Which of the following should be conducted next:a. t-testsb. correlationsc. regressionsd. ANOVAs e. none of the above
- You own a construction company and want to know the data fits your model. In particular, you want to know if self-confidence has a significant impact on job satisfaction.
What is the predictor in this study: Self-confidence What is the criterion in this study: Job satisfaction Since you are interested in testing goodness of fit, which of the following tests should you perform: e. analysis of regressionUse the following data to complete the summary table: r = .44 SSx = 22 SSy = 17 N = 15 SS df ms Between 3.29 1 3.29 Within 13.71 13 1.05 TOTAL 17 .00 14 What is the F for this test: 3.12 What is the critical value for F: 4.67 Is F significant at .05 alpha: No What is your conclusion: Self-confidence does not have a significant impact on job satisfaction. The data does not have a “goodness of fit” to the model of a straight line.
Put answers here
Courses
- Lifespan Development
- Abnormal Psychology
- Biological Psychology
- General Psychology
- Research Methods
- History & Systems
- Social Psychology
- Personality
- Perception
- Cognition
- Statistics
- Learning
- Memory
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